In FDR 's "Infamy" speech, he uses repetition and emotional phrases, while keeping a subtle tone, to rally the American citizens to support war efforts against the Japanese empire. That declaration was formally announced during Roosevelt 's well-structured speech to alert the American people. After Pearl Harbor was attacked, The United States declared war against the Japanese Empire. On December 8th, 1941, FDR spoke before the citizens of the United States, delivering one of the most renowned speeches of American History. Roosevelt, a day after Pearl Harbor was attacked by Japanese forces.
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New suggestions and lesson ideas for all grades on how to integrate into your social studies classroom.ĭisplay the 'Our Documents' poster in your classroom, library, or office.įor more suggestions on working with primary source documents, be sure to consult the list of Related Resources, including the National Archives' own Digital Classroom.Show More "December 7th, 1941, a day that will live in infamy." The famous words stated to the American people by president Franklin D. New suggestions for enhancing your library with materials and resources. Oxford University Press has published “Our Documents: 100 Milestone Documents from the National Archives,” a commemorative book of the 100 milestone documents that have shaped our nation. Numerous, Various, Revealing, Ubiquitous, and Teachable DocumentsĬreative teaching suggestions for introducing students to the milestones and reinforcing their significance through nine new related documents. Get your students involved with Our Documents and standards with this teaching suggestion.
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Senate, Record Group 46, located in the National Archives building, where it remains today.įor ideas on integrating documents and primary sources into classroom instruction, click here to visit the Educator Tools section of the National Archives’ Our Documents website or click on a link below:ĭownload the New 2004 Teacher Sourcebook!Ī key resource for working with the 100 milestone documents in the classroom. In March 1984 an archivist located the reading copy among the Records of the U.S. A Senate clerk took charge of it, endorsed it "Dec 8, 1941, Read in joint session," and filed it. Instead of bringing the reading copy back to the White House for Grace Tully to file, the President evidently left it in the House chamber, where he had given the address. Roosevelt misplaced his reading copy immediately following the speech it remained missing for 43 years. that same afternoon, President Roosevelt signed the declaration of war. The Senate responded with a unanimous vote in support of war only Montana pacifist Jeanette Rankin dissented in the House. On December 8, at 12:30 p.m., Roosevelt addressed a joint session of Congress and, via radio, the nation. He made the most significant change in the critical first line, which originally read, "a date which will live in world history." Grace Tully then prepared the final reading copy, which Roosevelt subsequently altered in three more places. President Roosevelt then revised the typed draft-marking it up, updating military information, and selecting alternative wordings that strengthened the tone of the speech. He had composed the speech in his head after deciding on a brief, uncomplicated appeal to the people of the United States rather than a thorough recitation of Japanese treachery, as Secretary of State Cordell Hull had urged.
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At about 5 p.m., following meetings with his military advisers, the President calmly and decisively dictated to his secretary, Grace Tully, a request to Congress for a declaration of war. Roosevelt and his chief foreign policy aide, Harry Hopkins, were interrupted by a telephone call from Secretary of War Henry Stimson and told that the Japanese had attacked Pearl Harbor. Instantly, the incident united the American people in a massive mobilization for war and strengthened American resolve to guard against any future lapse of military alertness.Įarly in the afternoon of December 7, 1941, President Franklin D. Though diplomatic relations between the United States and Japan were deteriorating, they had not yet broken off at the time of the attack.
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The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor catapulted the United States into World War II. Pacific Fleet was devastated, and more than 3,500 Americans were killed or wounded. naval base on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, was subject to an attack that was one of the greatest military surprises in the history of warfare.